Phylum：Zygomycota　>>　Class： Zygomycetes　>>　 Order： Zoopagales 
   
 
　BCRC Number： NO BCRC Number!  
   
　Scientific Name： Piptocephalis formosana
 
   
   
　Author：

Piptocephalis formosana H.M. Ho & P.M. Kirk, sp. nov., Botanical Studies 50: 69-72. 2009.
   
 
 
 
 
　Description： Hyphae vegetativae plerumque submersae, hyalinae. Sporophora erecta vel ascendentia, postea prostrata et distanter septata, longitudinaliter striata; stipites principales ad 13 mm longi, 3.0-4.5 μm lati, constantes ex ramificationibus successivis usque ad 4, ramosi dichotome, tripartiti vel quadripartiti rami basiles 160-480 × 3.5-4.5 μm; rami paenultimi 20-80 × 2.5-3.5 μm; rami termiles 28-47 × 1.5-2.0 μm. Cellulae capituli deciduae, conica, projecturis lobatis, 4.5-5.5 μm diam, merosporangis 11-18 praeditae. Merosporangia trispora. Sporangiosporae cylindratae, laeves, hyalinae, (2.5-)3.0-3.5(-4.0) × (1.0-)2.0 μm, Zygosporae super vel sub pagina agari factae, globosae, verrucosae, 42.5-47.5 μm diam, brunneolae. (Holotypus: TNM F21839) Vegetative hyphae usually submerged, hyaline. Sporophores originally erect or ascending, prostrate later, smooth-walled, hyaline when young becoming light yellow and striate in age; sometimes with shorter, erect sporophores arising from rhizoids. Basal main stalks up to 13 mm long, 3.0-4.5 μm wide, septate, fertile branch system arising from main stalk consisting of up to four successive ramifications, branching di- to quadrichotomously (Figures 1A and 2A), usually non-septate; primary branches 160-480 × 3.5-4.5 μm, forming (2-)3-4(-5) branches in a whorl; penultimate branches 20-80 × 2.5-3.5 μm, branching di- or trichotomously; terminal branches 28-47 × 1.5-2.0 μm, branching di- or trichotomously, slightly swollen at top (Figure 1B). Head cells deciduous, conical, with 4-5 lobed projections (Figures 1C, D and 2B-D,), 4.5-5.5 μm diam, bearing 11-20 merosporangia (Figures 1E and 2E-G). Merosporangia cylindrical, containing (2-)3(-4) merospores. Merospores cylindrical, the basal ones with the proximal end rounded, the apical ones with the distal end rounded, smooth-walled (Figures 1F and 2H), hyaline, (2.5-)3.0-3.5(-4.0) × (1.0-)1.5-2.0 μm, with spore heads forming liquid droplets at maturity. Zygospores formed on or under the surface of agar, globose; exospores roughened, 42.5-47.5 μm diam, light brown; endospore smooth, with swollen suspensors (Figure 1G).
 
 
 
 
 
　Specimens：

TAIWAN, Taipei City, Yangmingshan National Park, from soil, parasitizing Mucor sp., coll. Apr 2004, H.M. Ho SYMC 0302. A living culture deposited with CABI Europe-UK (IMI 392502), a dry culture deposited at National Museum of Natural Science, Taichung, Taiwan (TNM F21839).
 
 
 
　Habitat： null
 
 
 
　Distribution：

null
 
 
 
　References：

null
   
   
   
　Provided：

H. M. Ho
 
 
　Note： P. formosana resembles P. cruciata, P. debaryana and P. freseniana in numbers of merospores within each merosporangium, lobed head cells and spore heads forming a water droplet at maturity. The head cells of P. formosana are 4.5-5.5 μm, smaller than those of P. cruciata, P. debaryana, and P. fresemoama, which are 6.5-15 μm, 7-15 μm, and (5-)6-19.5 μm, respectively (Gr?fenhan, 1998). Also, the merospores of P. formosana are 3.0-3.5 × 2 μm, smaller than those of the three aforementioned species being 4-7.5 × 2.5-3 μm in P. cruciata; 3-7 × 2.5 μm in P. debaryana and 4-9 × 2.5-3.5 μm in P. freseniana. Besides, the branching system is tri- or quadrichotomously branched in P. formosana as opposed to dichotomously branched in P. freseniana. P. cruciata also differs from P. formosana in having (3-)4-6(-8) merospores in each merosporangium.