Holotypus: Colonia exsiccata ex K-Y Chen 8608-5 (TAI-Mycology), ager solum in " Changchin Hsiang", Pingtung, Taiwan, 10.VIII. 1986.
Thielavia pingtungia K. Y. Chen & Z. C. Chen, Mycotaxon 60:225-240. 1996.
Description：
Coloniae in agaro YpSs ad 84 mm post 3 dies 40 °C. Mycelia, griseola. Hyphae 2.1-3.5 μm diam Color Murinus Canus ad Saturatus, Murinus Canus, pallidus Fumus Canus in margo; reversum nigellus Canus.
Ascocarpae nonostiolatae, superficiales, globosae vel subglobosae 70-160 μm, brunneae. Asci cylindrici, 39-52 × 7-9 μm, stipitati, octospori, hyalini vel flavidi, leptodermi. Ascosporae fere uniseriatae, fere globosae vel subglobosae, bnumeae, laeves, crassitunicatae, 6.3-8.5 × 8.5-9.7 μm.
Etymology: Pingtungia, referring to Pingtung, the locality where this new species was isolated.
Colonies on YpSs, growing very fast, attaining 84 mm at 40°C in 3 days, aerial mycelium dense, composed of hyaline to pale gray, septate, branched hyphae, 2.1-3.5 μm in width, Mouse Gray to Deep Mouse Gray and Pale Smoke Gray in the margin, reverse Blackish Mouse Gray and Naple Yellow m the margin.
Ascomata borne on the hyphae, surperficial, non-ostiolate, globose to subglobose, 70-160 μm in diam., brown to deep brown or black brown, composed of a pseudoparenchymatous wall, with flexuous, undulate, brown, branched, thick-walled, hairy appendages, 2.5-4.0 μm in width, up to 350 μm long. Asci cylindric, 39-52 × 7-9 μm, stipitate, fasciculate, 8-spored, hyaline to pale yellow, thin-walled, evanescent at maturity. Ascospores usually uniseriate, few with an irregular arrangement, globose to subglobose or ovoid, few elliptical and at one end with a germ pore, at first hyaline, pale green, pale olive brown, becoming dark brown with smooth and darkened thick-walls, some containing a large guttule, 6.3-8.5 × 8.5-9.7 (10.0) μm. Conidia were not observed.
Specimens：
Taiwan: Pingtung: Changchm Hsiang, Plain, Field soils of sugarcane, 10 VIII, 1986. K-Y Chen 8608-5 (Holotype; TAI-Mycology)
Habitat：
Field soils of sugarcane
Distribution：
Taiwan
References：
Chen, KY and Chen, ZC. 1996; Arx, JA. von. 1975a.
Provided：
K. Y. Chen
Note：
Temperature tests: It is a thermophilic fungus. As shown in Table 1, the optimum temperature is between 35°C and 50°C. Ascomata are in general produced at 35°C and 40°C.
Thielavia pingtungia is a thermophilic fungus and differs from other thermophilic or thermotolerant species of Thielavia (s. st.) by having dark, septate, thick-walled, verrucose, branched, hairy appendages uniformly distributed on the surface of ascomata. Most thermophilic and thermotolerant species of Thielavia, i.e., T. aegyptica Moustafa & Abdul-Wahid, T. arenaria Mouchacca, T. australiensis Tansey & Jack, T. emodensis Udagawa & Sugiyama, T. expansa Udagawa & Sugiyama, T. heterothallica Klopotek, T. subthermophila Mouchacca, T. terrestris (Apinis) Malloch & Cain, etc. have smooth ascomata and globose, ellipsoidal or clavate asci with irregularly arranged ascospores. T. microspora is a thermotolerant species with a weft of brown, septate, branched, appendage-like hyphae, 1.5-3 μm wide on the surface of ascomata. Thielavia pingtungia is thus close morphologically to T. microspora, but it differs in shape and size asci and ascospores. It is also quite distinct from other non-thermophilic species of Thielavia having ascomata with hairy appendages or setae, Le., T. appendiculata Srivastava et al., T. fragilis (Natarajan) v. Arx, T. hyalocarpa v. Arx, T. hyrcaniae Nicot, T. minuta (Cain) Malloch & Cain, T. peruviana (Gochenaur) Malloch & Cain, etc. T. pingtungia is characterized by having cylindcric asci, 39-52 × 7-9 μm, with uniseriate, ovoid to nearly globose ascospores, 8.5-10 × 6.3-8.5 μm. It differs from species of Thielavia with cylindric asci, i.e., T. tetraspora (Lodha & Mirza) v. Arx with 4-spored asci, T. tortuosa Udagawa & Sugiyama with twisted asci, T. octospora (Natarajan) v. Arx with nearly sphaerical ascospores, 10-12 μm in diam. And T. hyalocarpa with bigger asci, 70-100 × 11-18 μm.
Phylum：Ascomycota >> Class： Ascomycetes >> Order： Phyllachorales 
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